Results: Among Caucasians, the cesarean delivery rates were 21.1%, 26.7% and 31.8% in fathers aged 20-29, 30-39 and >= 40 years, respectively. Among African-Americans, the corresponding rates were 24.1%,

33.2%, and 38.1%, respectively. These increased cesarean delivery rates persisted in analyses stratified by maternal age before and after adjustment for a variety of confounders. Conclusions: These findings A-1331852 suggest that increasing paternal age may be associated with an increased risk for cesarean delivery in primiparous women.”
“Background and aim: Limited data suggests that pseudomembranes are uncommon in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and C. difficile associated disease (CDAD), but the reason for this is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the rate of pseudomembranes in this population, identify predictive factors for pseudomembranes’ presence and assess its clinical impact.

Methods: This was a sub-study of a Epigenetics inhibitor retrospective European Crohn’s Et Colitis Organization (ECCO) multi-center study on the outcome of hospitalized IBD patients with C. difficile. The present study included only patients who underwent lower endoscopy during

hospitalization, and compared demographic and clinical parameters in the group of patients with discernable pseudomembranes versus those without.

Results: Out of 155 patients in the original cohort, 93 patients underwent lower endoscopy and constituted the study population. Endoscopic pseudomembranes were found in 12 (13%) of these patients. Patients with pseudomembranes presented more commonly with fever

(p = 0.02) compared to patients without pseudomembranes. No difference between the two groups was found with respect to the use of immunosuppressant drugs, background demographics or disease characteristics. Neither was there a difference between the group with or without pseudomembranes in the frequency of severe adverse clinical outcome or in the duration of hospitalization. On multi-variate analysis the presence of fever remained independently associated with the finding of pseudomembranes (OR 6, 95% CI 1.2-32, p=0.03).

Conclusions: This study documents that hospitalized IBD patients Pevonedistat with CDAD have low rate of endoscopic pseudomembranes, which is not accounted for by the use of immunosuppressant drugs. IBD patients with CDAD and discernable pseudomembranes more commonly present with fever, but their clinical outcome is similar to patients without pseudomembranes. (C) 2009 European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: To evaluate the variables associated with changes in cesarean delivery (CD) rates in a University Hospital with standardized and unchanged protocols of care. Methods: Retrospective analysis of consecutive deliveries between two triennia 10 years apart.