Results: There were main effects of Dose and Dose x Day interactions on virtually all quantified parameters selleckchem in both strains of mice. In contrast, there were relatively

few Dose x Strain and three-way interactions. Strain-related interactions involved changes in circulating phagocytic populations, erythrocytes, and liver mass.

Conclusion: The data demonstrate that genetic background can modify certain immune-related parameters after exposure to heavy particle radiation. The possible implications of these findings are discussed.”
“Melt/solid state polycondensation (MP/SSP) is a cost-effective route for synthesis of high molecular weight poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA). However, the reaction rates in its four stages need to be enhanced greatly and the reaction times to be shortened largely before the MP/SSP technology can be industrialized. In this study, a new catalyst addition policy, i.e., adding TSA at the dehydration stage and SnCl(2)center dot 2H(2)O at the MP stage, and www.selleckchem.com/products/3-methyladenine.html more appropriate temperature and pressure programs were presented and applied in the MP process of LLA. The presence of TSA from dehydration appeared very effective for speeding up the dehydration and oligomerization stages as well as depressing racemization in

the whole MP process. The polymerization degree (X(n)) of oligomer was clearly increased, and the reaction time was shortened to a great extent. Direct using reduced pressure was also very helpful for intensifying the dehydration stage, only leading to LLA

loss as learn more little as 2%. A PLLA with M(w) of 44,000 and optical purity of 96.8% suitable for subsequent SSP was produced after dehydration for 2 h, oligomerization for 2 h and MP for 4 h under appropriate conditions. And an interesting strong dependence of the M(w) of final PLLA product on the X(n) of the oligomer was observed. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 120: 2780-2785, 2011″
“It is generally believed that there is no simple relationship between ultimate fracture strength and stiffness for an elastically isotropic material. By taking bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) as model materials, the relation between ultimate fracture strength and elastic moduli was analyzed within Griffith theory framework. The observed correlation between elastic moduli and fracture strength in BMGs reveals the effects of BMG defects and plastic zone size on the crack resistance of these model materials. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3544202]“
“Materials and methods: Dehydrated tardigrades of the species R. coronifer were irradiated with 2.55 MeV (megaelectronvolts) protons at doses ranging from 500 gray (Gy) to 15,000 Gy, to investigate the dose-viability relationship. In addition, a focused proton microbeam was utilised to determine the areal mass distribution, using the ion beam analytical technique STIM (Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy).

Results: The experiment suggests that R.